[ENG][디자인패턴]Abstract Factory 패턴 이론과 설명

Overview

추상 팩토리 패턴은 실제 객체가 무엇인지 모른 채 객체를 생성하고 조작하는 데 도움이 될 수 있으므로 객체가 생성, 구성 또는 표현되는 방식에 관계없이 독립적으로 시스템을 생성하는 데 도움이 되기 때문에 사용됩니다.

장점
재사용성은 구체적인 클래스를 분리하여 개선할 수 있습니다.
List와 Iterator가 강하게 연결되어 있다는 점을 감안하면 제품의 일관성을 향상시킬 수 있습니다. (반복자는 List를 사용할 때 항상 사용할 수 있음)

불리
낮은 확장성. 예를 들어 List에서 다른 Iterator 인터페이스를 사용하려는 경우 상속받은 클래스인 ArrayList와 LinkedList를 모두 구현해야 합니다. 또는 ArrayList 에서 Iterator 인터페이스 이외의 인터페이스를 사용하는 것이 어려울 수 있습니다.

 

Structure

https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%B6%94%EC%83%81_%ED%8C%A9%ED%86%A0%EB%A6%AC_%ED%8C%A8%ED%84%B4

 

Code Example

package com.example.design.pattern.core;

interface Dough {
	public String toString();
}

class ThickCrustDough implements Dough {
	public String toString() {
		return "ThickCrust style extra thick crust dough";
	}
}

class ThinCrustDough implements Dough {
	public String toString() {
		return "Thin Crust Dough";
	}
}

interface Pepperoni {
	public String toString();
}

class SlicedPepperoni implements Pepperoni {
	public String toString() {
		return "Sliced Pepperoni";
	}
}

interface PizzaIngredientFactory {
	public Dough createDough();
	public Pepperoni createPepperoni();
}

class NYPizzaIngredientFactory implements PizzaIngredientFactory {
	public Dough createDough() {
		return new ThinCrustDough();
	}

	public Pepperoni createPepperoni() {
		return new SlicedPepperoni();
	}
}

class ChicagoPizzaIngredientFactory implements PizzaIngredientFactory {
	public Dough createDough() {
		return new ThickCrustDough();
	}

	public Pepperoni createPepperoni() {
		return new SlicedPepperoni();
	}
}

abstract class Pizza {
	String name;
	Dough dough;
	Pepperoni pepperoni;

	abstract void prepare();

	void bake() {
		System.out.println("Bake for 25 minutes at 350");
	}

	void cut() {
		System.out.println("Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices");
	}

	void box() {
		System.out.println("Place pizza in official PizzaStore box");
	}

	void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}

	String getName() {
		return name;
	}

	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
		result.append("---- " + name + " ----\n");
		if (dough != null) {
			result.append(dough);
			result.append("\n");
		}

		if (pepperoni != null) {
			result.append(pepperoni);
			result.append("\n");
		}
		return result.toString();
	}
}

class CheesePizza extends Pizza {
	PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory;

	public CheesePizza(PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory) {
		this.ingredientFactory = ingredientFactory;
	}

	void prepare() {
		System.out.println("Preparing " + name);
		dough = ingredientFactory.createDough();
		pepperoni = ingredientFactory.createPepperoni();
	}
}

class PepperoniPizza extends Pizza {
	PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory;

	public PepperoniPizza(PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory) {
		this.ingredientFactory = ingredientFactory;
	}

	void prepare() {
		System.out.println("Preparing " + name);
		dough = ingredientFactory.createDough();
		pepperoni = ingredientFactory.createPepperoni();
	}
}

abstract class PizzaStore {
	protected abstract Pizza createPizza(String item);

	public Pizza orderPizza(String type) {
		Pizza pizza = createPizza(type);
		System.out.println("--- Making a " + pizza.getName() + " ---");
		pizza.prepare();
		pizza.bake();
		pizza.cut();
		pizza.box();
		return pizza;
	}
}

class NYPizzaStore extends PizzaStore {
	protected Pizza createPizza(String item) {
		Pizza pizza = null;
		PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory = new NYPizzaIngredientFactory();

		if (item.equals("cheese")) {
			pizza = new CheesePizza(ingredientFactory);
			pizza.setName("New York Style Cheese Pizza");
		} else if (item.equals("pepperoni")) {
			pizza = new PepperoniPizza(ingredientFactory);
			pizza.setName("New York Style Pepperoni Pizza");
		}
		return pizza;
	}
}

class ChicagoPizzaStore extends PizzaStore {
	protected Pizza createPizza(String item) {
		Pizza pizza = null;
		PizzaIngredientFactory ingredientFactory = new ChicagoPizzaIngredientFactory();

		if (item.equals("cheese")) {
			pizza = new CheesePizza(ingredientFactory);
			pizza.setName("Chicago Style Cheese Pizza");
		} else if (item.equals("pepperoni")) {

			pizza = new PepperoniPizza(ingredientFactory);
			pizza.setName("Chicago Style Pepperoni Pizza");

		}
		return pizza;
	}
}

public class MyAbstractFactory {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		PizzaStore nyStore = new NYPizzaStore();
		PizzaStore chicagoStore = new ChicagoPizzaStore();

		Pizza pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("cheese");
		System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza + "\n");

		pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("cheese");
		System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza + "\n");


		pizza = nyStore.orderPizza("pepperoni");
		System.out.println("Ethan ordered a " + pizza + "\n");

		pizza = chicagoStore.orderPizza("pepperoni");
		System.out.println("Joel ordered a " + pizza + "\n");
	}
}

 

Console Result

--- Making a New York Style Cheese Pizza ---
Preparing New York Style Cheese Pizza
Bake for 25 minutes at 350
Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices
Place pizza in official PizzaStore box
Ethan ordered a ---- New York Style Cheese Pizza ----
Thin Crust Dough
Sliced Pepperoni


--- Making a Chicago Style Cheese Pizza ---
Preparing Chicago Style Cheese Pizza
Bake for 25 minutes at 350
Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices
Place pizza in official PizzaStore box
Joel ordered a ---- Chicago Style Cheese Pizza ----
ThickCrust style extra thick crust dough
Sliced Pepperoni


--- Making a New York Style Pepperoni Pizza ---
Preparing New York Style Pepperoni Pizza
Bake for 25 minutes at 350
Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices
Place pizza in official PizzaStore box
Ethan ordered a ---- New York Style Pepperoni Pizza ----
Thin Crust Dough
Sliced Pepperoni


--- Making a Chicago Style Pepperoni Pizza ---
Preparing Chicago Style Pepperoni Pizza
Bake for 25 minutes at 350
Cutting the pizza into diagonal slices
Place pizza in official PizzaStore box
Joel ordered a ---- Chicago Style Pepperoni Pizza ----
ThickCrust style extra thick crust dough
Sliced Pepperoni

 

Conclusion

N/A